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Historically a beam is a squared timber, but may also be made of metal, stone, or a combination microsoft CUstOMer seRVICE pHONE NUMBER +1*8O5*301*7042of wood and metal[1] such as a flitch beam. Beams primarily carry vertical gravitational forces, but they are also used to carry horizontal loads such as to earthquake or wind, or in tension to resist rafter thrust (tie beam)